Knowledge and behavior of hair dye use in the students of Rajabhat Mahasarakham University

Abstract

This research was divided into two phases: Phase 1 was survey research. The objective of phase 1 aimed to survey knowledge on hairs and the hair dye products (the knowledge), hair dyeing behaviors and adverse reaction due to use of hair dye products among students of Rajabhat Mahasarakham University; and to study the factors contributing to knowledge and use of hair dye products. This survey collected data with online questionnaires. The subjects were 415 students of Rajabhat Mahasarakham University. Accidental sampling was employed to select the subjects during November – December 2021. The study results revealed that mean score of knowledge on hair dye products was 7.64 ± 3.11 points out of the full score of 15. The item with smallest proportion of subjects with correct answer was the concentration of paraphenylenediamine in hair dye products should not be more than 2% (42.2 % of subjects correctly answered). The most common reason for hair dyeing was aesthetic purpose. Brown was reported to be the most popular color. The desired hair color was the reason for choosing hair dye products. The most common recommendation from the producers of hair dye products being ignored by the subjects were keeping the contact time of chemicals and hair as recommended by the products (68.9%). The most common adverse effect was hair loss (52.2%). The majority of those with adverse effect sought no treatment. After the adverse effect disappeared, proportions of subjects who resumed or avoided the use of hair dye were similar (48.9% and 51.1%, respectively). Female was more knowledgeable on hairs and hair dye products and had more appropriate behavior of using hair dye compared to male (p -value <0.001 in both variables). Knowledge was significantly correlated with the use of hair dye (p -value <0.001). The study findings showed that most of the subjects had inadequate knowledge and behavior regarding hair dyeing. Additionally, they continued to use hair dye even when experiencing adverse reactions. This affected the safety in using hair dye products.

Phase 2 was a randomized controlled trial. The objective was to evaluate the effect of instruction media about hair dye products toward knowledge and practice among students of Rajabhat Mahasarakham University comparing between control group and intervention group. The subjects were 60 students of Rajabhat Mahasarakham University and were divied into 2 groups. The first group was an intervention group including 30 students who received instructional media in lecturing class. The second group was known as a control group including 30 students who did not receive any instructional media in lecturing class. Research tools comprised 2 parts of instructional media and 3 parts of questionnaire: personal questionnaire, knowledge of hair dye products, behavior of hair use. The rearch period is from Decomber 2021- February 2022. The descriptive data analysis used percentage, mean and standard deviation. The differences between groups was tested using chi – square test. The mean difference of within groups was tested using Paired sample t – test. Independent sample t- test was used to test the differences between groups. The results indicated that the intervention group had a statistically significant increase mean score in the knowledge of hair dye products and behavior of hair dye use after receiving instructional media (p -value < 0.001) Follow-up 1-2 month after watching the instruction media, the mean scores of intervention group both knowledge and behavior were significantly different from pre-test. The mean scores of intervention group were significantly higher than control group in both knowledge and behavior. The study findings show that instructional media can improve knowledge about hair dye and behavior of hair dye use Hence, the instructional media could improve knowledge and behavior of hair dye use in the students of Rajabhat Mahasarakham University.