ผลของโปรแกรมการเรียนรู้เชิงประสบการณ์ต่อความรู้และการปฏิบัติการตรวจน้ำตาลในเลือดด้วยวิธีเจาะจากปลายนิ้วในอาสาสมัครสาธารณสุขประจำหมู่บ้าน

Abstract

This quasi-experimental study, using a two-group pretest-posttest design, aimed to study the effect of an experiential learning program on village health volunteers (VHV) knowledge and practices of blood glucose testing by capillary blood glucose monitors. The sample group using purposive sampling, the sample was divided into 2 groups, a control group and an experimental group, with 18 people per group. Data collection was undertaken over 6 weeks between April and May 2022. The equipment used in this research included 1) the experiential learning program, 2) slides of content and pictures with subtitles, 3) videos, 4) practical kits for capillary blood glucose monitors, 5) instruction on capillary blood glucose monitors to screen diabetes for VHVs, and 6) a record of blood glucose level results, verified by 6 experts. Tools used for data collection included 1) a knowledge questionnaire on blood glucose testing by capillary blood glucose monitors for diabetes screening, with a content validity index (CVI) of 0.97, and the coefficient of stability of 0.83 by applying Kuder – Richardson’s KR-20 formula; and 2) a practical observation form on blood glucose testing by capillary blood glucose monitors, with a content validity index of 1, and the interrater reliability was 0.8. Descriptive statistics, chi-square test, paired t-test, independent t-test, and Fisher’s exact test were applied for data analysis. The results showed that after applying the experiential learning program to the experimental group, the average score for knowledge on blood glucose testing by capillary blood glucose monitors ( = 12.39, S.D. = 2.03) was statistically significantly higher than before applying the program (p < 0.001) and statistically significantly higher than the control group ( = 10.50, S.D. = 1.58) who were trained with the normal program (p < 0.01). In addition, the results also found that the levels of correct practical blood glucose testing by capillary blood glucose monitors were statistically significantly higher than before applying the program (p < 0.01) and statistically significantly higher than the control group trained by the normal program (p < 0.001). The results demonstrate that an experiential learning program can promote VHVs to gain appropriate knowledge and practice; moreover, the volunteers also gain the skills of practical blood glucose testing by capillary blood glucose monitors correctly, according to the standard.