ทัศนคติของผู้บริโภคเจเนอเรชันวายในอำเภอเมืองเชียงใหม่ ต่อการออมเงินเพื่อสังคมผู้สูงอายุ

Abstract

This independent study is conducted to explore the attitudes of Generation Y (Gen Y) consumers in Mueang Chiang Mai District towards savings for an aging society in three dimensions which are cognitive, affective, and behavioral components. The sample group of this study was 400 Gen Y consumers with a margin of error of 0.05. An online questionnaire was employed to collect data from the 400 consumers, together with two questions used to sift out the right sample group. The data acquired was analyzed by descriptive statistics including the frequency, percentage, mean, and standard deviation, and by inferential statistics consisting of the analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Least Significant Difference (LSD) for pairwise comparisons.

The study showed that the majority of respondents were single females aged 26-28 years old. They possessed a bachelor's degree and were employees in private companies. Their salary ranged from 10,000 to 20,000 baht and their monthly expense was between 10,000 and 20,000 baht. They spent their money each month on food and beverage the most.

Concerning the cogntve component of attb tudes, the study revealed that the respondents had a moderate level of knowledge and understanding about savings for an aging society with an average score of 5.99 out of 10. The question that the respondents could answer correctly the most was "Savings means the activity of keeping money so that you can use it in the future and for emergencies." On the other hand, the question that the respondents gave the wrong answer the most was "Savings and investment provide stable and long-lasting returns."

In terms of the affective component of attitudes, the study showed that the respondents agreed to savings for an aging society with an average score of 3.90 out of 5. The question that the respondents agreed the most was "'The purpose of savings for an aging society was to secure their future of retirement.";, whereas the question that the respondents agreed the least was "Current welfare programs, for example, medical expenses and a monthly subsidy, were adequate for the elderly.

Regarding the bebavioral component of attitudes, the study showed that 85.8 percent of the questionnaire respondents had their savings, but there was only 56.0 percent of them having their savings for an aging society.

With respect to the comparisons of the difference between the demographic factors and the three dimensions of the attitudes towards aging society revealed that in terms of the cognitive component, the Gen Y consumers in Mueang Chiang Mai District who had different education levels and salary ranges understood and had knowledge of savings for an aging society differently. The respondents who had a higher degree than a master's one had the most knowledge and understanding about savings for an aging society. As for the affective component, the respondents of different ages, salaries, and education levels had different opinions about savings for an aging society. The sample group who earned 50,000 baht or more agreed to this savings the most. With reference to the behavioral component, the Gen Y consumers in Mueang Chiang Mai District who were at different ages and of different salaries and education levels had diflerent savings behavior. The group whose salary ranged from 40,000 to 50,000 baht saved money the most for an aging society.