การมีสติและกระบวนการตัดสินใจในการบริโภคอาหารของผู้ป่วยโรคเบาหวานในจังหวัดเชียงใหม่

Abstract

The study is conducted to explore mindfulness and the decision process of food consumption of diabetic patients in Chiang Mai Province. The population in this study was the patients with diabetes living in Chiang Mai Province. As the number of the population was unknown, the Cochran formula was used to calculate an ideal sample size of 400. At the beginning of collecting data, a questionnaire was utilized, but later an online one was used instead to collect the data from patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus due to the Covid-19 pandemic. The sample group was selected by convenience sampling and questions were used to have only patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. After that, the data acquired was analyzed by descriptive statistics including the frequency, percentage, mean, and by inferential statistics consisting of Multiple Regression Analysis to test the relationship between factors affecting food consumption behaviors and Simple Regression Analysis to test the relationship between food consumption behaviors and behaviors after food consumption concerning satisfaction towards food consumption and health. The study revealed that the majority of the questionnaire respondents were married women aged between 56 and 65 years. Their education level was lower than lower secondary education and their average monthly income was less than 10,000 baht. They had been living with diabetes for six to ten years and most of them had also had hypertension. The information that the respondents were informed about diabetes at a high level was "Patients should control their diet to keep their blood sugar in a normal range." The sources or persons having an influence on the respondents concerning their diet control was ''Advice from doctors and nurses makes you interested in controlling your diet in order that your blood sugar level is not higher than normal." Moreover, the respondents had the intension to comply with the self-care framework at a high level or relatively often when they had a meal. Concerning the results from Multiple Regression Analysis, it showed that influential factors or persons in diet control had an effect on food consumption behavior procedure regarding food consumption behaviors in the following subfactors. They were "'Advice from doctors and nurses makes you interested in controlling your diet in order that your blood sugar level is not higher than normal."; the awareness procedure of the problem affecting diabetic symptoms did not affect food consumption behaviors, and the mindfulness factor in terms of awareness had no effect on food consumption behaviors. On the other hand, the mindfulness factor in terms of acceptance affected food consumption behaviors in the following subfactor, "'I did not try to make myself busy so that I can think and feel." Regarding the results from Simple Regression Analysis, it showed that the food consumption behavior factor had an effect on the behavioral procedure after food consumption in terms of satisfaction towards food consumption and health in the following subfactors. They were "Avoid alcoholic drinks, such as liquor and beer.", "Have three regular meals a day.", and "Have regular mealtimes or at nearly the same time for every meal."