การวิเคราะห์สาเหตุของอุบัติเหตุสำหรับอุโมงค์ถนน โดยวิธีฟัซซีฟอลท์ทรี

Abstract

This research has object for analysis the causes of factor that lead to road tunnel accidents, and to prioritize the importance causes that lead to the road tunnel accidents, by using Fuzzy Fault tree techniques to study the causes of different factor of the occurrence of each accident along with proposing safety measure of road tunnel in Thailand. On account of the transport system in Thailand, there will be more and more development of the transport system by building more road tunnels, so in order to prevent violations and reduce the chance of accidents of those who use the road tunnel, to give an example the road scorch accidents in the road tunnel which is difficult to control and the difficulty to provide assistance because roads are covered with cloaked and confined. Perhaps this research sees the rise of road tunnel accidents as the number of road tunnel increases. For example, the Tak - Maesot Road Project with a total length of more than 1,000 meters. This study collect the data form road tunnel accidents in many countries, Road Safety in Tunnel, Road tunnel accident investigation research and accident investigation by Tak Highway District 2 to search for the cause that can lead to accident by rear-end ,tunnel wall or obstruction and fire in road tunnel Fault tree diagram for each accident type was constructed. This was done by identifying an occurrence of accident as Top Event. The fault events at the level below were then identified and so on until it could not be identified. Fault events at the lowest level were called Basic Events. Basic Events were then presented to experts for opinions on degree of risk in terms of Linguistic Variable. Fuzzy information given by experts was analyzed using Fuzzy set theory to determine the possibility of failure of Basic Events and the possibility of accident at top level (System failure possibility) could then be obtained. . It had different factor for lead to each accidents in road tunnel. Factor of driver’s behaviors (break rule) was causes of road tunnel accident for rear-end that has failure possibility was 0.0010604. The highest of failure possibility for road tunnel accident by cause of crash tunnel wall was environment in road tunnel such as the lane in road tunnel should sufficient the demand of traffic volume or distance that has failure possibility was 0.0637136. And factor has cause of fire accident in road tunnel is the equipment was not fire resistance that has failure possibility was 0.0011784. For mitigation measures were proposed and their efficiency evaluated. It was found that the highest reduction of failure possibility by five mitigation measures on road tunnel accidents were performed by considering Minimal Cut Sets was causes of road tunnel accident for rear-end and was 99.19 %. The lowest reduction was for cause of crash tunnel wall was environment in road tunnel and was 65.66 %. The lowest reduction was for cause of fire accident in road tunnel and was 78.18 %.