การวิเคราะห์สมรรถนะเตาผลิตก๊าซชนิดไหลลงโดยใช้ ซังข้าวโพด ใบไม้และกิ่งไม้แห้งเป็นเชื้อเพลิง

Abstract

This research presents the results from a Performance Analysis of Downdraft Gasifier Using Corn Cobs, Leaves and Twigs as Fuel. The purpose of this research is to compare the performance of Downdraft Gasifier at various equivalence ratios (Equivalent Ratio; ER) by calculating the heating value of the carbon monoxide from the production gas. The Downdraft Gasifier has an isthmus shape and the size of the isthmus is the width of the reduction zone. The height of the reduction zone and the tilt angle of the combustion zone is 140 mm, 75 mm and 80 degrees respectively and the equivalence ratio varies between 0.1 and 0.9. Data on corn cobs, leaves and twigs composition was collected in order to calculate the equivalence ratio. This indicates the amount of air to be reacted with corn cob. The fuel feed rate was set at 6 kg/hr. The Downdraft Gasifier used in the experiment was divided into three parts: the upper part is the fuel inlet, the central part is the reactor and the lower part has the ash outlet port. Corn cobs, leaves and twigs were sliced and sifted through a sieve which has grid size of about 1x1 cm2. The Downdraft Gasifier that used corn cob as fuel has a maximum performance at an ER of 0.5 that gave carbon monoxide 6.55%vol, with a heating value of 825.43 kJ/m3 and a thermal efficiency of 22.69%. However, the Downdraft Gasifier that used leaves and twigs as fuel has a maximum performance at an ER 0.4 that gave carbon monoxide 6.74%vol, with a heating value of 849.24 kJ/m3 and a thermal efficiency of 23.07%