การจัดการเพื่อเพิ่มประสิทธิภาพการเรียนรู้และท่องเที่ยวเชิงวัฒนธรรม เวียงกุมกาม จังหวัดเชียงใหม่

Abstract

The Management for Efficiency Learning and Cultural Learning and Tourism of WiangKumKam, Chiang Mai Province.contains 3 objectives as follows. 1) Examine historical context, physical characteristic, cultural heritage and environment of historic city, WiengKumkam, Chiang Mai province 2) Examine problems in cultural heritage management for learning and cultural tourism of WiengKumkam at present and 3) Suggest managerial guideline to increase effectiveness of WiengKumkam’s cultural heritage as learning source and cultural tourism. This independent study is qualitative research presented in descriptive form. It investigates cultural resources, environment and problems or WiengKumkam by using multidisciplinary method to analyze and propose appropriate managerial guideline. It contains literature review, observation, and non-structured interview in order to attain in-depth information form the samples, relevant persons, interested persons, and group discussion. These will be analyzed to find managerial guideline in order to increase effectiveness of learning and cultural tourism of WiengKumkam, Chiang Mai province. The result shows that WiengKumkam is an important ancient city of Chiang Mai in the aspect of history, architecture as well as cultural tourism interested by both foreigners and Thai people. The place has trace of old civilization over 700 years back in the past. WiengKumkam appears in several documents and chronicles. It is located in the west of Chiang Mai city at present. WiengKumkam was excavated in 1984. Fine Arts Department managed the excavation and restoration of other ancient remains. It finally located other 43 abandoned temples and important ancient remains in Tawangtan, Saraphi district. In addition, the site within WiengKumkam area contains plenty ruins of ancient remains. In 2005, Chiang Mai in collaboration with the Tourism Authority of Thailand organized development project and promote WiengKumkam historical city as art and cultural tourist attraction and history learning source under the name “WiengKumkam the underground ancient city”. Hundred thousands of tourists, including Thai people and foreigners as well as scholars and historians visit the place to study it annually. The problems in managing learning source and cultural tourism are as follows. The first problem is about learning WiengKumkam’s cultural heritage, including sign board, information center and guide. The second problem is about facilitating tourists, who visit WiengKumkam. There is no sign board, free brochure and insufficient facility. The third problem is about learning media. In this study, the researcher proposes managerial guideline to increase effectiveness of learning and cultural tourism at WiengKumkam, Chiang Mai city. Chiang Mai Provincial Organization must take the role in performing site management. It should improve learning media and facilities for tourism as appropriate. Such guideline will correspond with the concept of developing cultural resource as tourist attraction and creating learning source.