Construction of two-dimensional single atoms square lattice via spatial light phase modulation technique

Abstract

A two-dimensional defect-free single neutral atom array is a promising system for the application in quantum simulation, quantum computing, quantum error correction and quantum many-body problem, regarding to its long range and localized controllability interaction in Rydberg states. A standard approach to construct such a system is creating an array of far-off resonance optical trapping beam in two dimensions to confine single atoms from pre-cooled atomic cloud in a magneto-optical trap. Among various techniques, a spatial light modulator (SLM) , however, appears to be fulfilling particularly in regard to constructing an arbitrary trap configuration and a feedback control for aberration correction, due to a capability to be programmably controlled of its individual pixels. In this work, a two-dimensional optical dipole trapping light pattern constructed via spatial light modulator (SLM), are characterized and optimized as well as schemes for experimental implementation for constructing a two-dimensional square lattice of single rubidium-85 atoms are reviewed, where some of the optical setup designs, system as- semblies, and our developed atoms rearranging scheme are hereby described as regards technical limitations and prospective view for system improvement in the future.