ระบบการศึกษาและอำนาจนำของสยามในล้านนา พ.ศ. 2445-2482

Abstract

This thesis aims to investigate the war of positions in school systems between Siam and Lanna from 1902 to 1939. The research results show that Siam employed bureaucratic and legal mechanisms to modernize Siam as a modern state and govern Lanna after it became a province of Siam in 1899. In 1902, however, the rebellion in Phrae province shaped a new administrative mechanism of Siam in Lanna through cultivating a Thai language and nationalist ideology in civil servants, schools, and general department schools, and expanding the public school system to people thoroughly. The Ministry of Interior played a role in implementing that administrative mechanism, and controlling the Thai Buddhist community or Sangha through the Sangha Administration Act. The monastery thus became one of the most important mechanisms to enhance the public school system in Lanna. Initially, the Lanna schools were to serve a political purpose of Siam to be a modern state, which required skilled and educated people. Later, the educational policy supported the nationalist ideology have increasingly played an important role in building a sense of unity between the Siamese and Lanna people under the reign of Rama VI. Moreover, the ministry issued the Primary Education Act in 1921 to make the educational system compulsory for Thai children. This act increased the national consciousness of Thai people and was reproduced until the Siamese revolution in 1932. It could be seen that the revolution had reduced an influence of the Thai monarchy by enhancing the Thai constitution. Over the four decades in the time-based process, lastly, Lanna completely became an integral part of Thailand under the One Thai policy during the premiership of Luang Phibunsongkhram.