Reproducibility improvement of large-scale perovskite solar cells using automated liquid injection

Abstract

Perovskite solar cells (PSCs) have emerged as a promising candidate for the next generation of renewable energy due to their high-power conversion efficiency and continuous development in the past few years. However, the large-scale PSCs still face significant challenges, such as reproducibility, stability, and efficiency. Reproducibility is a crucial factor in developing large-scale PSCs (>1cm2), which can be accomplished by improving the reproducibility of the device fabrication process. Traditional manual injection of antisolvent does not allow consistency of liquid drop. Using an automatic liquid injection machine to control the antisolvent drop during the fabrication process can enhance the accuracy and consistency of the antisolvent dripping process. Through experimentation, an automatic liquid injection significantly improves the accuracy and precision of the antisolvent dripping process, resulting in an enhanced distribution of the photovoltaic performance and consistency perovskite film morphology compared to the traditional manual dripping method. However, producing large-scale perovskite solar cells by spin-coating technique still has considerable obstacles. Which need further study and development. Overall, this thesis demonstrates the potential of using an automatic liquid injection machine to improve the reproducibility of large-area perovskite solar cells. However, further research is needed to overcome the challenges faced in large-scale production, which will pave the way for the future commercialization of PSCs as a viable source of clean energy.