Chinese female writers’ production and female fans’ interpretation of Danmei novels

Abstract

This thesis explores China's danmei subculture, focusing on the production of danmei novels by Chinese female writers and the interpretation of these novels by female fans. It investigates how danmei culture adapts to fans' perceptions of gender and cultural perspectives. The study adopts a qualitative research approach, utilizing encoding and decoding theory as the framework, along with discourse and gender theories, subculture theory, female subculture theory, and audience reception theory. The thesis employs participatory observation, interviews, and netnography to gather data from online platforms. The research reveals the transnational and global nature of the danmei subculture, with active fan participation across various countries and online platforms. Despite facing opposition and censorship, network media plays a vital role in promoting and expanding danmei culture. The analysis of danmei novels highlights their diverse themes and narratives that challenge traditional gender roles and amplify marginalized voices. Female fans actively engage in creating and sharing danmei content, finding empowerment in its representation of gender and sexuality. The danmei subculture disrupts patriarchal norms, contributes to gender inclusivity and LGBTQ+ rights, and fosters a supportive community. However, the research acknowledges potential negative impacts, such as unrealistic relationship expectations and exposure to explicit content among underage readers. To address these issues, promoting diversity, educating readers about healthy relationships, and considering age-appropriate content consumption are important considerations. While recognizing its limitations, the study suggests future research directions, including examining the complexities of danmei discourse and its potential to challenge or reinforce gender norms. In conclusion, this thesis deepens our understanding of the danmei subculture, its transnational dynamics, the role of network media, ideological and commercial incorporation complexities, and its resistance against dominant norms. It sheds light on the motivations and interpretations of female fans, the cultural significance of danmei, and its impact on gender inclusivity. Further research is needed to explore the discourse complexities and potential norm-challenging aspects of the subculture.