ผลของชนิดและความเข้มข้นของสารเคมีกำจัดวัชพืชต่อการตกค้างในดินและลักษณะสมบัติของดินทางการเกษตร

Abstract

Herbicides are widely used because of their convenience and need less labor. However, inappropriate use of herbicides could adversely affect human health, animals, plants, and the nearby ecosystem. In addition, these chemicals could remain in the environment and contaminate soil, water, and ecosystems. This study examined the effects of herbicides, including diuron, atrazine, and ametryn on herbicide residues in soil, water, and soil properties when the soils were treated with herbicides at 1, 5, and 10 times the recommended application rates. Experiments were conducted in PVC soil columns. Herbicide residues were extracted and determined by the QuEChERS method, and analyzed by LC-MS/MS. According to the results, during the 72 hours after the soil was treated with the herbicides, diuron remained in the soil between 91.9 and 99.7% and leached to the bottom of the column between 0.2 and 8.0%. Atrazine remained in the soil for 82.2 to 99.7%, and leaching to the bottom of the column was 0.2 to 17.7%. Analyses of diuron and atrazine residuals in the soil at the half-life of the compounds found a tendency for both herbicides' residual proportions to increase with increasing herbicide amounts. In addition, the research examined the soil properties after diuron, atrazine, and ametryn applications at varied concentrations. It was found that soil properties changed with increasing herbicide concentration, including organic matter, cation exchange capacity, and total nitrogen.