ปัจจัยที่มีผลต่อความเหนื่อยล้าในการทำงานและความผูกพันต่อองค์กรของเภสัชกรโรงพยาบาลเอกชนในประเทศไทย

Abstract

The objectives of this research were to study. 1)the level of burnout at work. 2)the level of organizational engagement. 3)relationship of personal data factors, working data factors, and perceptions of job characteristics and the working environment with the level of burnout at work. 4)relationship of personal data factors, working data factors, and perceptions of job characteristics and the working environment with the level of organizational engagement. And 5)the relationship between work burnout and the level of organizational engagement of pharmacists in a private hospital, Thailand. The research method was cross-sectional analytical study. A questionnaire by mail and online was a tool in this research. Data were collected from 351 private hospital pharmacists in Thailand, performing the multi-stage sampling method between September 1 to November 1, 2020. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics. At first the relationship between independent factors and burnout factors at work and organizational engagement were analyzed by using univariate analysis. Then, the relationship of factors with a p-value <0.20 were following analyzed by multiple linear regression. The relationship between the level of work burnout and the level of organizational engagement was analyzed using Pearson correlation. Data were analyzed by using STATA version 14.0. The confidence interval was determined at 95%. The results showed that most of the samples were female (78.06%), mean age was 32.73±6.89 years, and 44.16% worked in outpatient and inpatient services. The number of working hours per month was 201-250 hours (46.16%). Their perceptions of job characteristics and the working environment were moderate, mean of 3.58±0.81. Most of participants were perceived about job success, followed by perception of professional competence.The burnout of private hospital pharmacists found that emotional exhaustion and depersonalization were low level (49.57% and 73.22%), the reduced personal accomplishment was high level (96.01%). The organizational engagement of private hospital pharmacists found that the mental aspect is at a high level (52.71%), persistence and normative were moderate level (46.72% and 43.30%). As a result of analyzing factors related to work burnout, it was found that emotional exhaustion was a congenital disease (R2 = 0.3058). The depersonalization was regarding job achievement perceptions (R2 = 0.268), and the reduced personal accomplishment was management system perception (R2 = 0.242). Moreover, factors related to organizational engagement found that the mental aspect was the perceived aspect of job success (R2 = 0.320), the persistence was educational level (R2 = 0.2186), and the normative was hospital size (R2 = 0.2062). As for the relationship between burnout at work and organizational engagement, it was found that the emotional exhaustion was associated with the mental aspect (r = -0.360, p-value <0.001) and the normative (r = -0.237, p-value = 0.001). The depersonalization was associated with the mental (r = -0.273, p-value <0.001) and normative(r = -0.164, p-value = 0.001) and the reduced personal achievement was associated with the normative (r = 0.108, p-value = 0.044). The results of this study could be used for an executives as a guideline for preventing worker burnout of pharmacists, which would positively affect the work efficiency of private hospital pharmacists in Thailand. Including the promoting organizational engagement to pharmacists, it will increase the sense of corporate when burnout is reduced.