การติดพยาธิและการระบุชนิดของพยาธิตัวกลม Anisakis spp. ในปลาแมคเคอเรล

Abstract

The study of infection and identification of Anisakis spp. was done in mackerel fish included blue mackerel (Scomber australasicus) and Indian mackerel (Rastrelliger kanagurta). The results showed the highest prevalence, intensity, and abundance in blue mackerel were 78%, 6.69 and 5.22. While, in Indian mackerel were 22%, 2.73 and 0.6 respectively. Moreover, this study also found Anisakis in body cavity; 98.47% and liver; 1.53% in blue mackerel. Although, for Indian mackerel was found Anisakis in only body cavity (100%). The morphological study was investigated by using a light microscope and scanning electron microscope. This study found the important characters of Anisakis larva such as boring tooth, ventriculus and mucron. In addition, SEM of the larvae showed the difference of excretory pore and mucron between Anisakis pegreffi and A. typica. Anisakis pegreffi have excretory pore with pore-shaped and mucron with cone-shaped while A. typica have excretory pore with longitudinal slit and mucron with cylindrically shaped. The statistical analysis revealed that weight and length of blue mackerel was not related to infection rate (p > 0.05); however, the weight and length of Indian mackerel was related to infection rate (p < 0.05). The molecular study of mt DNA cox2 was used to identify Anisakis larva from mackerel. A. pegreffii were found in blue mackerel and A. typica were found in Indian mackerel. The phylogenetic tree was showed all clades of Anisakis related to morphology of Anisakis larvae. In addition, HAT-RAPD method can use for detecting Anisakis species. For species delimitation method was showed possible the cryptic species with A. typica. The information of morphological and molecular in this study can use for classified of Anisakis larvae and concern about the epidemic of Anisakis in human in the future.