การผลิตสารระงับกลิ่นกายจากสารสกัดเปลือกมังคุด และสารคงความชุ่มชื้นจากคาร์บอกซีเมทิลไคโตซาน สำหรับครีมระงับกลิ่นกาย

Abstract

This research aimed to investigate the effects of different ethanol concentrations (50%, 70%, and 95%) and extraction techniques including Soxhlet extraction, SE (SE50, SE70 and SE95) and ultrasonic extraction, UE (UE50, UE70 and UE95) on the physicochemical properties of mangosteen pericarp extracts (MPE). Total phenolic compounds, total tannin content, condensed tannin content and antioxidant activity of DPPH, ABTS radical scavenging activity, ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) were examined and antibacterial activity of the MPE against Bacillus subtilis, Corynebacterium sp., Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, and Staphylococcus epidermidis. In addition, deodorizing activity was also evaluated against trans-2-Nonenal as odor components. Results showed that the MPE prepared by ultrasonic extraction with 50% ethanol (UE50) had the highest total phenolic compounds, total tannin content, condensed tannin content and antioxidant activity of DPPH, ABTS radical scavenging activity and FRAP. For antibacterial properties, the UE50 at the concentration of 5 mg/mL and 0.625 mg/mL for minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) could inhibit Corynebacterium sp. Deodorizing activity against trans-2-Nonenal odor of UE50 at concentrations of 1, 10, and 100 mg/mL in the range of 38.9-81.2% which was greater than the standard Epigallocatechin Gallate (EGCG), indicating a better deodorizing ability. For synthesizes of carboxymethyl chitosan (CMCH) from different molecular weights including low Mw (L, 50-190 kDa), medium Mw (M, 210-300 kDa) and high Mw (H, 310-375 kDa) of chitosan on the antioxidant and moisturizing properties. The L-CMCH, M-CMCH and H-CMCH improved the water solubility by about 96%, 90% and 89%, respectively when compared to native chitosan. Higher Mw resulted in more viscous of CMCH. For antioxidant properties, the L-CMCH had higher antioxidant properties by DPPH, ABTS and FRAP. IC50 values of DPPH and ABTS radical scavenging activity for L-CMCH were 1.70 and 1.37 mg/mL and 6.65 μmol Fe2+/g sample on FRAP assay, respectively. The moisturizing properties on pig skin using a Corneometer® showed that 0.5% H-CMCH was significantly (p<0.05) greater moisturizing effect than that of untreated-skin, distilled water, propylene glycol and native chitosan from three molecular weights. In deodorant cream development, 0.1% UE50 and 1% H-CMCH were used in the optimal formula. Sensory evaluation of the developed product was evaluated using 9-point hedonic scale in home use test for 7 days. The attributes of appearance, color, viscosity, moisturizing and overall liking score were in the range of like slightly to like moderately. The liking score of deodorizing performance was like moderately and no skin irritation of consumers after applying the developed product.