เกษตรพันธะสัญญา: การปรับเปลี่ยนทัศนคติและภูมิทัศน์ของเกษตร ในชุมชนบ้านกองแหะ ตำบลโป่งแยง อำเภอแม่ริม จังหวัดเชียงใหม่

Abstract

Contract Farming: Attitude and Landscape Changing of Farmers in Kong Hae Village, Pong Yaeng Sub-district, Mae Rim District, Chiang Mai Province. The purposes of this study were (1) to study acceptance and factors affecting farmer's acceptance of soil and water conservation agriculture (2) to study the factors affecting landscape modification from contract farming. A sample was selected from 100 households who work as farmers and have domiciled in Kong Hae Village, Pong Yaeng Sub-district, Mae Rim District, Chiang Mai Province. This study used questionnaires for data collection and used statistical data analysis, namely, percentage and mean. The results suggest that 72% of Kong Hae Village's farmers accepted soil and water conservation because they faced many problems, including, water resource problems, soil resource problems, production problems, marketing problems, and problems of soil erosion. These problems have been made the farmers aware of the benefits of soil and water conservation. Because in the past, the farmers engaged in contract farming that used the agricultural land area for intensive farming such as planting onion, cabbage, and chayote all year round and no resting, the soil fertility affected and faced many problems in farming. when they were adjusted from intensive farming to soil and water conservation agriculture. Moreover, when considered the weight of the 6 factors' score found that the most important factor was the physical factors due to affecting the product. If the soil and weather were suitable the product would good as well. The second important factor was the public and private sectors because the government has promoted, supported, and supervised the farmers, especially, the Land Development Department that prepared leavening, equipment and taught them how to make the compost to replace the chemicals. These ways have attracted farmers to more attend soil and water conservation. The third important factor was the social factor. The fourth important factor was the economic factor. The fifth important factor was the technology. Lastly, the sixth important factor was farmer characteristics. Therefore, from the farmer's acceptance and landscape modification from contract farming to farming that conserves soil and water that was integrated farming and focused on the creation of a diversity of plants, animals, and biological resources, using between materials or covering plants, multi-level planting, terrace cultivation, and having water resource in farmland.