มาตรการทางกฎหมายของสหภาพยุโรปบนฐานการพัฒนา ที่สะอาด : ปัญหาในการปรับตัวของกฎหมายไทย เเละผู้ประกอบการผลิตภัณฑ์อุตสาหกรรมชิ้นส่วนเครื่องใช้ไฟฟ้าและอิเล็กทรอนิกส์ของไทย

Abstract

The electric and electronic parts industries are one of the major industries which contribute majorly to national revenue as shown important quantities of exports which increase each year. The European Union is an important export market. It put in place environmental legal measures for trades among the European Union member states as well as trades between the European Union and other countries. Many of these measures have impact on electric and electronic industries and parts such as Directive on Waste Electrical and Electronic Equipment: WEEE, Directive on Restriction of the Use of Certain Hazardous Substances in Electrical and Electronic Equipment: RoHS, Framework for the Setting of Ecodesign Requirements for Energy Using Products: EuP, and Registration, Evaluation, Authorization and Restriction of Chemicals: REACH This independent study aims to analyze the European Union legal measures on clean development and the adjustment of Thai laws and of electric and electronic parts of industrial enterprises in Thailand to comply with these measures. Concerning Thai law reforms, the study found that effort to comply with the European environmental measures has led to amelioration and adaptation of Thai legal framework. Obstacles to effectively implement the European legislations include complexes and details of the European legislations, insufficiency of Thai legal system and lower level of economic development etc. Concerning the industries, obstacles to effective compliance with the European legislations concern high costs, lack of competent personnel, incomprehension of foreign legal languages as well as complexity of such measures. As for the government sector, promotion and support for adaptation of the entrepreneurs were not sufficient. There were remained difficulties related to providing in-depth knowledge of such measures, lack of recognition of quality of testing labs in the country from the European Union, as well as delayed actions. Thus, the researcher thinks about the European Union measures on clean development that are the positive measures which can able to support Thai legal system development and manufacturing processes improvement to be more realized to environmental matters. Therefore, to comply with such measures, it requires the cooperation of both the public and private sectors to be success in the future.