แนวทางกระจกและกรอบอลูมิเนียมในอาคารสูงประเภทอาคารสำนักงาน เพื่อการอนุรักษ์พลังงานและคุ้มค่าในการลงทุนสำหรับสถาปนิก

Abstract

The Ministry of Energy, Thailand, has issued a ministerial regulation defining, the type or size of buildings and standards, criteria and procedures for building design for energy conservation (2020), announcement of the Ministry of Energy on the determination of Building Design Standards for Energy Conservation(2021), announcement of the Ministry of Energy on criteria for calculation and certification of results and assessment in building design for energy conservation of each system. The objective of the study was relationship of solar heat factors to curtain wall design factors in accordance with the energy conservation Law and to create guidelines for architects to use in choosing the type and style of curtain wall, for exterior façade design for energy saving and cost-effective. In this study, we used simulation research to collect data from interviews with architects who have experience in designing of high-rise office buildings in the Bangkok area. Three companies and one glass wall design and installation company used the data to model the base case building and then modeled alternative buildings by using different types of glass. To design and control budgets by set budgeting for building envelope a cost completion formula (Real Engineer CMU, 2016) by referring to the appraisal price base, the construction of buildings in 2020-2023, by the valuation-broker foundation of Thailand. The calculation of reference no.25 for office buildings 21-35 floors in 2021, using the price of construction materials as showed the maximum construction cost level, was 35,300 baht per square meter. Then, the construction cost structure of the project was determined from the total project value of 100%, consisting of 60% of the total construction cost, 20% tax, and other marketing expenses such as interest on loans, as well as 20% net profit, based on the total construction cost of 60%, combined with the initial profit of 40%. In order to inform the decision to purchase the land and set the budget for the construction part (approximately 60% of the project value) and the budget portion of the building envelope system (approximately 15% of the building construction value or 9% of the project value). Once the architect has framed the project budget, the guidelines for selecting the specification and model of curtain wall are used then consider the tool which take various values from glass manufacturers into account for OTTV values with the BEC simulation as follows : Solar Heat Gain Coefficient (SHGC), Visible Light Transmission (VT) Heat energy transferred through glass on an area of 1 square meter at a temperature difference of 1 degree Celsius (U-Value) when obtaining glass that considers OTTV value through the BEC WEB BASE program, if the price of both mirrors is high, the budget is within the specified range of about 9% of the project value, the selling price is competitive and the conservation glass will have energy conservation values according to the criteria set by law, after the above steps are completed, the architect sends the information to façade consultants to provide recommendations and definitions of the system that will be used to assemble an appropriate wall system according to technical parameters.