จริยธรรมการใช้กราฟิกจำลองเหตุการณ์ในการนำเสนอข่าวโทรทัศน์

Abstract

Research on “Ethics of Using Simulation Visuals On Air on Television News Program” is a quality research study. The objectives of the research are: 1. To study the factors in selecting news topics that affect the ethics of using graphic simulations in presenting television news through in-depth interviews with 4 news workers, including news editors and producers from 2 programs: Thairath News Show (Thairath TV) and Thub To Khao. (Amarin TV) and 2. To create guidelines for developing an ethical framework for using graphic simulations in appropriate television news presentations through in-depth interviews with 8 experts from 4 sample groups and focus groups and 10 media recipients. The results of the study found that Factors in selecting news topics that affect the ethics of using graphic simulations in television news presentations include factors within the organization, factors outside the organization and news value factors. Factors within the organization and factors outside the organization, the level of influence on news issue selection can be classified into 3 levels: very effective, moderately effective, and low effective. With Thairath News Show (Thairath TV), factors that have a great effect on the selection of news topics that affect the ethics of using graphic simulations are internal management factors, technology factors, professional ability factors, business and competitor factors, and audience demand factors. As for the factors that have a moderate effect on the selection of news topics that affect the ethics of using graphic simulations, are factors of events and the current situation. While factors that have little effect on the selection of news topics that affect the ethics of using graphic simulations is political factors. In comparison, with Thub To Khao news program (Amarin TV), factors that have a great impact on the selection of news topics that affect the ethics of using graphic simulations are internal management factors, technology factors, professional ability factors, competitor factors, and The needs of the recipient. While Factors that have a moderate effect on the selection of news topics for creating simulation graphics are current events and situations. And lastly, factors that have little effect on the selection of news topics that affect the ethics of using graphic simulations are political factors and business factors. Another factor affecting the selection of news topics that affects the ethics of using graphic simulations is the news value factor. The results of the study found that Principles of news value used as criteria for selecting news issues that affect the ethics of using graphic simulations of events. It will be divided into principles of news value that both programs use in common, consequence, suspense, human interest, conflict, immediacy of timeliness and proximity or nearness. As for the news value of oddity or unusualness, only Thairath News Show who use as a criterion for selecting news. Whilst the principles of news value that both programs did not use as criteria for selecting news in using graphics to prominence, sex, and progress. Ethical issues in using graphical simulations, the results of the research found that there were 5 items: accuracy, information source, objectivity, human rights, and individual rights. The issue on which experts and the public have the most consistent opinions is human rights, followed by information sources. For ethical guidelines for using graphic simulations in appropriate television news presentations. From the study, there were findings. “Model of ethical practices for creating graphic simulations of events in television news presentations” which is divided into 3 steps, Consisting of 1. The process of selecting news topics. The principles of ethics are public interest, trustworthiness of the source of information, 2. Steps in producing graphic simulations of events. The principles of ethics are accuracy in every aspect, objectivity, respect for human rights and respect for personal rights and 3. Presentation process in television programs. The principles of ethics is respect for human right