บทบาทของตัวแปรเศรษฐศาสตร์พฤติกรรมต่อการตัดสินใจในการออม กรณีศึกษาเจนวายประเทศไทย

Abstract

Thailand has been struggling with the issue of insufficient savings for a significant amount of time. The savings rate in Thailand has been declining gradually from 11% of income in 2011 to an average of only 6.4% in 2019 (SCBEIC, 2020). Among the different generations of the population, it has been found that Gen Y has the lowest average savings-to-income ratio. For this study, a total of 367 subjects participated in an online questionnaire, and the effects were analyzed using Binary Probit Regression and the Tobit model. The study found that behavioral economic variables had varying effects on savings indicators, while mental accounting had a specific effect on savings intention. Self-control was found to impact both saving intention and actual behavior. In addition, personal socio-economic characteristics only affect the actual savings behavior. The positive impacts on actual savings behavior include income, years of education, and self-control, while a negative impact is having children in the family. The results of the study have led to the design of policies to support factors in the behavioral economics group that increases the willingness to save and to design policies that focus on increasing or decreasing the group of personal socio-economic variables. To increase the opportunity for greater savings and the size of the savings, both policies should be used in parallel. All of these suggestions aim to bring about a change in the saving behavior of Gen Y in Thailand, encouraging them to save more money.