ฤทธิ์ต้านการอักเสบของน้ำมันหอมระเหยเสม็ดขาวและตะไคร้ที่ผสมในน้ำยาบ้วนปากปราศจากแอลกอฮอล์ต่อเซลล์สร้างเส้นใยเหงือกมนุษย์

Abstract

Objective: This study aimed to investigate the anti-inflammatory activity of Melaleuca cajuputi Powell (cajuput) and Cymbopogon citratus (lemongrass) essential oils supplemented in alcohol-free mouthwash on human gingival fibroblast cells. Method: In vitro study, Human gingival fibroblast cells (HGFs) and RAW 264.7 cells were cultured in DMEM containing 10% FBS and 1% antibiotic. Three types of mouthwash, including 12% (v/v) alcohol-free mouthwash, 0.8% (v/v) cajuput essential oil and 0.4% (v/v) lemongrass essential oil supplemented in alcohol-free mouthwash, and 0.12% chlorhexidine mouthwash, were performed in this study. All three types were determined for cytotoxicity by MTT assay. The sub-IC50 concentrations of each mouthwash were calculated to investigate the anti-inflammatory activities via the inhibition against lipopolysaccharide-activated nitric oxide production, cyclooxygenases-2, interleukin-6 and interleukin-1β gene expression. The wound healing rate was determined by scratch assay. Results: The results demonstrated that the sub-IC50 concentrations of essential oils in 0.8% (v/v) cajuput essential oil and 0.4% (v/v) lemongrass essential oil supplemented in alcohol-free mouthwash significantly inhibited the nitric oxide production in lipopolysaccharide-activated RAW 264.7 macrophages and reduced the gene expression of cyclooxygenases-2, interleukin-6 and interleukin-1β in lipopolysaccharide-activated human gingival fibroblast cells, as well as stimulating the migration of human gingival fibroblast cells, similar to the sub-IC50 concentration of 0.12% chlorhexidine mouthwash. Conclusion: These findings suggested that the essential oils contained in this mouthwash formula exhibited the anti-inflammatory effect by inhibited the nitric oxide production in lipopolysaccharide-activated RAW 264.7 macrophages and reduced the gene expression of cyclooxygenases-2, interleukin-6 and interleukin-1β in lipopolysaccharide-activated human gingival fibroblast cells and promoted oral wound healing, which might be used as an alternative agent for patients with periodontal disease.