ความหลากหลายทางพันธุกรรมของพืชสกุลรางจืดโดยใช้เครื่องหมายดีเอ็นเอไอเอสเอสอาร์และเอสอาร์เอพ

Abstract

Rang Jued (Thunbergia laurifolia Lindl.) is a medicinal plant belonging to the genus Thunbergia Retz., Family Acanthaceae. Rang Jued is found throughout all regions of Thailand. Each locality has been called this plant by using a local name differently instead of calling Rang Jued and leading to the problems in research. Molecular markers were used to study the genetic diversity of the genus Thunbergia by using ISSR (Inter Simple Sequence Repeat) 10 primers and SRAP (Sequence- Related Amplified Polymorphism) 10 primer pairs. Each marker uses to amplify the genetic material of the 18 plant samples. Data were analyzed with popgene and NTSYSpc V.2.10e. It was found that the ISSR marker dendrogram was divided 1 8 samples of the Genus Thunbergia into 5 groups. Group 1 consists of TL (T. laurifolia Lindl.), T4, T5 and T6 with bootstrap value 46, group 2 consists of T1, T2 and T3 with bootstrap value 95, group 3 consists of T13, T14 and T15 with bootstrap value 34, group 4 consists of T9, T10, T1 1 and T12 with bootstrap value 59 and group 5 consists of T7 and T8 with bootstrap value 59. In addition, jaccard similarity coefficient of ISSR Marker ranging from 0.467-0.817. The dendrogram of SRAP marker was divided samples in the Genus Thunbergia. Eighteen samples were divided into 5 groups group 1 consists of TL, T1, T2, T3 and T6 with bootstrap value 21, group 2 consists of T4 and T5 with bootstrap value 55, group 3 consists of T7 and T8 with bootstrap value 71, group 4 consists of T9 and T15 with bootstrap value 37, group 4 contains T4 and T5 with bootstrap value 55 and group 5 consists of T13 and T14 with bootstrap value 69. Likewise, jaccard similarity coefficient of SRAP marker ranged from 0.352-0.711. The ISSR and SRAP markers dendrograms were able to separate TL, TF (T. fragrans Roxb.) and TP (T. papilionacea W.W.Sm.) and the both markers were consistent in the specific detection of genus Thunbergia Retz.. Samples collected from Ban Mae Lana and Ban Tham Lod showed a lower genetic distance in the range 0.1000-0.2000 to Rang Jued than samples collected from Ban Pung Yam, Ban Mueang Phaem and Ban Nong Tong. It was causing samples of plants collected from Ban Mae Lana and Ban Tham Lod in the same species as Rang Jued. But samples collected from Ban Pung Yam, Ban Mueang Phaem and Ban Nong Tong could not verify the accuracy of the species because of the phylogenetic tree showing the genetic distance from 0.3000 up. Species validation should require morphological information and added primers to verify the validation of a species.