Dynamics and Iidentity of local wisdom on pottery production Muangkung of Chiang Mai

Abstract

The main purpose of the study on Dynamics and Identity of Local Wisdom on Pottery Production Muangkung of Chiang Mai is 1) to study the community contexts and dynamics of the pottery local wisdom at Muangkung in Chiang Mai, 2) to study the existence, adaptation, and inheritance of the pottery local wisdom at Muangkung in Chiang Mai, and 3) to propose guidelines for developing the curriculum of Muangkung pottery local wisdom for youths’ learning and for sustainable inheritance. This is a phenomenology study from primary documents, secondary documents, online databases, and fieldwork. I, as an investigator, divided the study into 3 phases. Each phase of the study consisted of population and sample groups: village headman, assistant village headman, Nong Kwai Sub-District Municipality members, housewife chairman, elderly people, local scholars, youth representative, school representative, student representative, and academic representative. The research tools included structured interview, field recording and focus group. Data collection was from in-depth interviews, focus group and participatory observations. Data analysis was from content analysis. Data prioritization and descriptive presentation were with charts and illustrations. The study results were summarized as follows: 1. The study the community contexts and dynamics of the pottery local wisdom at Muangkung in Chiang Mai: It was found that Ban Muangkung is located in the upper Ping river area, which is the lowland area of the large historical community of Lanna. Here is a suitable settlement as a source of rice cultivation from the common people in masters’ houses, take care and grow rice for the northern royal family in Chiang Mai. People have knowledge of pottery making, “Nam Ton” and “Nam Mor” products, earthware for containing water found in the Lanna way. Once globalization entered Lanna, it underwent economic, social, cultural and governmental changes. Especially the National Economic and Social Development Plan, it was the driving force behind the change of Ban Muangkung so that the pottery-making career was the main occupation of their livelihood. This has resulted in the development of pottery changing in 4 ages 1) Beginning Age (before 1961), Adaptation Age (1961-1981), 3) Golden Age (1982 -2006), and 4) The Challenging Age (2007 onwards). As Ban Muangkung has a sufficient living base with the occupation that the ancestors passed on to the family, the community uses the ‘Can Be, Can Live, can survive’ principle. 2. The study the existence, adaptation, and inheritance of the pottery local wisdom at Muangkung in Chiang Mai: It was found that Ban Muangkung of 148 households was a family of settlers. Nowadays, 61 households still work in pottery. In this regard, persistence, adaptation, and inheritance of local wisdom on Muangkung pottery are as follows: 1) Persistence consists of identity of local wisdom on pottery, historical identity and geographical indication identity, 2) Adaptation consists of the development of production techniques, the development of modernity, the development of trade, and 3) Inheritance consists of family inheritance, external inheritance, and educational inheritance. 3. The guidelines for developing the curriculum of Muangkung pottery local wisdom for youths’ learning and for sustainable inheritance: It was found that the guidelines for creating a curriculum of local wisdom on pottery production Muangkung on Muangkung Din Jee course was composed of 3 components: 1) Community-based curriculum, namely principles of curriculum, competencies of curriculum, learning content descriptions, learners’ competencies, learning outcomes, curriculum structure, study time structure, media, materials, learning resources, and evaluation of results, 2) Local wisdom learning activities using community-based learning resources, namely experiential learning activities with 18 learning bases in the community, learning activities through self-study, via online media, and encyclopedia, and the teaching process of a community-based project, and 3) Community-based measurement and assessment, learning outcomes or workload determining the measurement of learning outcome, practice, and learners’ ability performing until the end of the curriculum for determining the level of competency. In this regard, the guidelines for developing the curriculum of Muangkung pottery local wisdom for youths’ learning and for sustainable inheritance should be a parallel study of the school and the community. Furthermore, integrated learning management includes non-formal education and informal education to youth learning for sustainable inheritance.