การเตรียมและการหาลักษณะเฉพาะของชั้นส่งผ่านอิเล็กตรอนซิงก์ทินออกไซด์ด้วยวิธีการเคลือบสล็อตไดสำหรับเซลล์แสงอาทิตย์ชนิดเพอรอฟสไกต์

Abstract

To fabricate perovskite solar cell (PSCs), spin coating technique is generally used to deposit each layer in PSCs. However, this technique is not suitable for potential large-scale manufacturing. Therefore, we attempt to step toward industrial level by replacing the spin coating method with slot- die coating technique. This technique promises scalability and excellent material usage, which has been used for coating uniform and full coverage films across large substrates. Herein, zinc tin oxide (ZTO), zinc oxide (ZnO) and tin oxide (SnO2) as ETL in PSCs were prepared by slot-die coating because of its excellent optical and electronic properties and good chemical stability. The slot-die coated ZTO, ZnO and SnO2 thin films were prepared from a homemade slot-die set up on a 3 axis CNC platform along with optimization of slot-die process parameters. Field emission scanning electron microscopes (FE-SEM), atomic force microscope (AFM) and photovoltaic parameter measurement are carried out to investigate the impact of variations of substrate temperature and coating speed, which are critical factors influencing the morphology and device's performance. Slot- die coating processes of ZTO, ZnO and SnO2, as ETLs have been illustrated for carbon-based methylammonium (MA)-free PSCs. The device using slot-die coated ZTO and ZnO films demonstrated the champion device with the highest power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 9.92% and 9.90%, respectively for coating speed of 14.8mm/s and substrate temperature of 60 C. This PCEs are comparable to those of the devices using spin-coated films. Unfortunately, for the devices with SnO2 film indicated unsatisfactory result because substrate temperature of 60 C is not proper. Therefore, Optimization of substrate temperature was continuously considered by preparation of ZnO films via slot-die coating technique. The results indicated that contact at ETL/perovskite interface was improved by increasing substrate temperature to 80 "C of slot-die coated ZnO yielding PCE 10.80% for champion device. This work demonstrates the potential of slot-die coating technique for replacing the use of spin-coating method and it could be an effective route to fabricate potentially large-scale PSCs.