Phytochemical constituents and their biological activities from Spatholobus Parviflorus and Anomianthus Dulcis

Abstract

The phytochemical investigation of the acetone extract of the vine stems of Spatholobus parviflorus led to a new 2-arylbenzofuran, spathobenzofuran (SP1), together with ten known compounds including a 2-arylbenzofuran (SP2), three pterocarpans (SP3- SP5) and six isoflavones (SP6-SP11). All compounds were characterized by spectroscopic methods. In addition, compound SP5 was active (MIC 8 μg/mL) against Gram-negative Pseudomonas aeruginosa TISTR 781, while compound SP2 had moderate activity against Gram-positive Staphylococcus aureus TISTR 1466 with a MIC value of 16 μg/mL. All isolated compounds showed no cytotoxicities against Vero and The chemical investigation of the methanolic extract of the flowers from Anomianthus dulcis provided a new farnesylindole, (R)-3-(8´-hydroxyfarnesyl)-indole (AD1), as a scalemic mixture (33 % ee) along with nine known compounds, including one farnesylindole (AD2), three flavanones (AD3-AD5), three flavone derivatives (AD6, AD8 and AD10), chalcone derivative (AD9), and carboxylic group (AD7). Moreover, the isolation of crude extract from the leaves of this plant led to thirteen known compounds which were a benzoate group (AD11), an formaldehyde derivative (AD12), a caffeic acid derivative (AD13), four flavonoids (AD6, AD14), a dihydrochalcone (AD15), a phenylpropanoid amide (AD16), a polyoxygenated cyclohexene (AD17), a glycosylated pyrimidine (AD18) and four flavonoid glycosides (AD19-AD22). The study of methanolic extract of the fruits led to the isolation of five known compounds, including a farnesylindole (AD2), two flavonoids (AD5 and AD6), and two caffeic acid derivatives (AD13 and AD23). Compounds AD1, AD2, AD8 and AD15 showed moderate antiplasmodial activities against TM4/8.2 and K1CB1 strains of which compound AD2 displayed the best activity with IC50 values of 27.9 ± 2.57 and 21.4 ± 1.68 μM, respectively. In addition, compound AD1 also presented modest cytotoxicity against a KB cell line with an IC50 value of 22.3 ± 0.39 μM.