Characterization of Polylactic/Polyethylene glycol/Bone Decellularized Extracellular Matrix Biodegradable Composite for Tissue Regeneration

Abstract

This study focused on evaluating the Polylactic acid /Polyethylene glycol (PLA/PEG) combining with bone decellularized extracellular matrix (bone dECM) as the alternative biodegradable material for tissue regenerative purposes. The casting membranes of pure PLA, PLA/PEG blend, and PLA/PEG combining with 5, 10 and 20 wt% bone dECM particles were fabricated and the characteristics of surface morphology, surface contact angle, thermal properties, cell viability, in vitro osteogenesis, and in vitro biodegradative behaviors were investigated. The improvement in hydrophilic characteristic was found in the developing composite. Following the in vitro degradation test in PBS/lysozyme for 7, 30, 60 and 90 days, the composite with higher ratio of bone dECM particles showed the higher percentage of material weight loss. However, the statistically significant of material weight alteration was observed only on the PLA/PEG/20wt% bone dECM after degradation test for 90 days (P ≤0.05). All specimens showed the physically intact at the end of the 90-day in vitro hydrolytic degradation test. The metabolic activities of L929 cells were significantly enhanced by the presence of PLA/PEG/bone dECM composites comparing to pure PLA (P ≤ 0.05). The result from Alizarin red S staining confirmed the osteo-inductive property of developing composite. The present study addressed the promising potential of PLA/PEG/bone dECM composites for applying as an alternative biodegradable material in tissue regenerative purpose.