Acute cytotoxicity of the young nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) injected by aflatoxin B1

Abstract

© 2018, Fundacion CIPAV. All rights reserved. The objective of this study was to investigate acute toxicity of the Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) injected by aflatoxin B 1 (AFB1). Young tilapia were randomly allocated into 5 treatments: 1) control treatment; 2) negative control treatment (intraperitoneally injected with 0.3 ml of 25% dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO)); and 3)-5) toxin treatments (intraperitoneally injected with AFB 1 at concentrations of 300, 600 and 1,200 ppb, respectively). The results revealed that at higher toxin concentrations, the number of metaphase cells was greater decreased as well as the percentage of chromosomal aberration (CA) increased. AFB1 causes structural CA. There were six types of CA in this study included SCG (single chromatic gap), DCG, ISCG, D, F and SCB. The most frequent CA found in AFB 1 exposed to Nile tilapia was SCG, which is one of the most sensitive biomarker to detect the level of severity of the cytotoxicity. This study can be concluded that acute AFB1 exposure causes cytotoxic effect in tilapia. Furthermore, the AFB1 contamination in the feed should be a concern because of its potential effects on fish health.